Understanding the 5 Phases of a Plant Turnaround Process
Explore the 5 phases of a plant turnaround process and its challenges in order to avoid the pitfalls and make successful upgrades and repairs.
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For chemical facilities like yours, making the right maintenance decisions is critical for preventing risk. Facilities are often operating under high regulatory pressures, tight margins, mounting safety expectations and a growing skills gap in the workforce.
Because chemical facilities handle hazardous materials, failures can lead to catastrophic safety, environmental and financial consequences. A January 2025 explosion at a refinery in Texas resulted in a lawsuit that claims safety protocols were violated, possibly leading to the incident. A November 2023 report uncovered 825 hazardous chemical incidents in the U.S. since January 2021. Across industry reports and studies, improper maintenance is often a common factor and risk.
Compliance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Process Safety Management (PSM) standard and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Risk Management Program (RMP) rule is legally mandated, making maintenance a top priority. This article explores critical challenges in the chemical industry and the trends reshaping chemical facility maintenance. Keep reading to find out how a connected computerized maintenance management system (CMMS), one with native enterprise asset management (EAM) integrations, can help you overcome some of the biggest barriers.
Key takeaways
Download: The Strategic Role of Connected Systems in Modern Manufacturing
Chemical facilities are up against tight regulatory scrutiny and high operational risks, but the everyday realities create obstacles. Aging assets, shrinking teams and disconnected systems all increase downtime, costs and exposure. The toughest hurdles include regulatory compliance, mechanical integrity, turnarounds, talent shortages, reactive maintenance, document control, cybersecurity and sustainability.
More than a legal necessity, compliance requirements are essential for preventing catastrophic events. Audit readiness is the name of the game, but manual processes and scattered records leave facilities vulnerable. The challenge lies in showing PSM mechanical integrity, tracking corrective actions and always maintaining updated documentation. Under OSHA PSM mechanical integrity requirements, facilities must document every inspection and test performed on covered process equipment, including the date, the name of the person who performed it, the equipment identifier, a description of the work and the results.
Aging infrastructure, unpredictable degradation of components and the need to maintain inspection, repair and replacement records that span decades mean asset histories must be reliable. Otherwise, teams cannot identify root causes, prioritize critical equipment or proactively plan maintenance. PSM mechanical integrity rules also require inspection and testing frequencies that follow manufacturer recommendations and good engineering practices, with more frequent inspections when prior operating experience shows a need.
Turnarounds are necessary but disruptive, as they often involve hundreds of contractors and thousands of work orders. Poor planning, fragmented data and a lack of real-time visibility can lead to increases in safety risks and overruns in both cost and schedule.
The chemical industry is facing a workforce where skilled talent is shrinking. Experienced workers are retiring with fewer new entrants joining the field. Resulting knowledge gaps make it harder to maintain operational excellence and transfer critical institutional knowledge, reducing maintenance quality.
Too many chemical facilities still rely on reactive maintenance, addressing issues only after they occur. The result is an increase in both downtime and costs. Excessive or poorly managed alarms overwhelm staff, causing alarm fatigue that increases the risk of missed alerts.
If teams are working from incorrect information, it impacts safety, compliance and operational decisions. Outdated procedures, mismatched versioning and disconnected files can cause error rates to quickly rise.
Maintenance and engineering systems are becoming more connected and data-driven, so protecting sensitive information from cyber threats is increasingly difficult. Legacy equipment, disparate solutions and unsecured integrations create pathways for unauthorized access or data tampering that can disrupt operational continuity.
To meet environmental, social and governance (ESG) goals you have to implement continuous monitoring and optimization. But many facilities lack the integrated systems needed to analyze consumption trends, identify inefficiencies and make improvements without compromising safety or compliance.
As you navigate chemical industry challenges and complexities, consider five workforce and technology trends that are changing the approach to maintenance and compliance. With these shifts come new tools to help anticipate issues sooner, work more efficiently and strengthen resilience.
Related Read: What is Preventive Maintenance? A Practical Guide
A CMMS that integrates with EAM tools, such as Accruent Maintenance Connection, can help you cut downtime, reduce risks and lean into proactive, data-driven maintenance strategies. Unifying work execution, engineering information, compliance workflows and real-time asset insights gives you the structure and visibility needed to run more safely and efficiently.
Work orders and maintenance scheduling can be done in one place, and integrated compliance workflows support OSHA PSM and EPA RMP. You can leverage role-based access and audit trails so every inspection, approval and corrective action is documented and defensible during an audit.
With a seamless integration between a CMMS and an engineering document management system (EDMS), like Maintenance Connection (CMMS) and Accruent RedEye (EDMS), you get a secure, cloud-based repository to house all documents, standard operating procedures (SOPs) and process safety information (PSI). This lets everyone work from the latest, approved versions. Automated workflows and version control support management of change (MOC) processes to reduce errors and audit risk, while mobile access lets your teams get up-to-date documents during maintenance, improving safety and efficiency.
You can connect internet of things (IoT) sensors and AI models directly into your CMMS for all critical assets. Real-time condition data triggers automated alerts and work orders so you can address issues before they lead to downtime. AI-driven predictive alerts and alarm triage also help reduce alarm fatigue and false positives.
Multi-year planning tools integrate with maintenance schedules and work orders link directly to document packages. This promotes tighter coordination with contractors and internal teams to reduce schedule overruns. Real-time progress tracking and compliance evidence capture strengthen safety controls.
Using a connected CMMS allows you to continuously monitor energy consumption. By integrating your CMMS with an IoT platform such as Accruent Observe, you can better understand trends and analytics for data-driven insights that help you make decisions to reduce waste and meet ESG goals.
Secure, role-based permissions, controlled workflows and audit trails maintain the health of maintenance and engineering data as well as prevent unauthorized changes. Built-in cloud-native security standards such as encrypted data storage, single sign-on (SSO) support with Auth0 by Okta and authenticated application programming interfaces (APIs) make integrations seamless and keep data protected.
Related Read: Go Beyond Maintenance: How Modern Corporations can Power Strategic Facilities Management with a CMMS
The bottom-line impact of a modern, connected CMMS solution is about having the right digital infrastructure to stay ahead of increasingly complex challenges in the chemical industry. A robust CMMS that easily scales to EAM capabilities serves as the foundation of connected, compliant and insight-driven maintenance for your facilities.
The goal is to:
Working in an asset-intensive environment, your next step is to leverage purpose-built tools that centralize operations, eliminate silos and boost digital transformation.
If you are ready to explore how a connected CMMS solution that integrates with EAM tools can solve your maintenance challenges, book a demo today.
OSHA PSM mechanical integrity requirements apply to six categories of process equipment: pressure vessels and storage tanks; piping systems, including valves; relief and vent systems and devices; emergency shutdown systems; controls, including monitoring devices, sensors, alarms and interlocks; and pumps. The same requirements for written procedures, maintenance training, inspection and testing, deficiency correction and quality assurance apply to each category. Organizing these assets in a CMMS makes it easier to schedule required inspections and show auditors a complete history for each one.
Facilities must correct deficiencies in equipment that is outside acceptable limits before further use, or in a safe and timely manner when necessary measures are in place to ensure safe operation. The process safety information for each facility defines those acceptable limits. Logging each deficiency as a corrective work order in your CMMS creates a traceable record of the issue from discovery through repair, including who completed the work.
OSHA PSM applies to processes that involve a highly hazardous chemical at or above the threshold quantity listed in Appendix A of 29 CFR 1910.119. It also covers processes that involve 10,000 pounds or more of a Category 1 flammable gas or a flammable liquid with a flashpoint below 100 degrees Fahrenheit in one location, with limited exceptions. The standard does not apply to retail facilities or to normally unoccupied remote facilities, and it excludes oil or gas well drilling and servicing operations.
A turnaround is a planned shutdown of a process unit or an entire plant so teams can inspect, repair and replace equipment they cannot service during normal operation. OSHA PSM addresses turnarounds directly: written operating procedures must cover start-up following a turnaround, and contractor safety requirements apply to turnaround work on or adjacent to a covered process. Linking turnaround work orders, document packages and inspection records in one system helps teams coordinate contractors and restart on schedule.
Explore the 5 phases of a plant turnaround process and its challenges in order to avoid the pitfalls and make successful upgrades and repairs.
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